Oil.



UNITED TATES OFFICE.

WILLIAM N. BLAKEMAN, or NEW YORK, N; r.

OIL.

Specification of Letters Patent Application med March 2, 1907. Serial Nb. 360,154;

To all whom it may concern, Be it known that I, WILLIAM N. BLAKE- MAN, Jr., a citizen. of the United States, and

resident of the borough of Manhattan, in the 1 city, county, and State of New York, have invented a newand useful Improvement in Oils, which invention is fully set forth in the Fahr.

following specification. v

- My invention relates to :theoil as tung oil, sometimes called Chinese" wood oil, and itsobject is so to treat'tung oil that,

when used, eitheralone or mixed with other OllS, as a drier for pamts, or as a medium for grinding pigments to paste form, or as a vehicle for grinding pigments to paint form, the result in all cases will be the production of a quick-drying and otherwise satisfactory- .compound. I accomplish this object by hydrating the tung o1 I and this hydration may be efiected in several ways. I prefer to place: the oil in a vessel suitable for observation with about two percent. of distilled water distributed on the bottom in as small globules as ossible to increase contact area and then su ject it to a heat of about 150 time until all the water has been absorbed by, and chemically combined with the oil, which will take from 10 to 15 hours, the time depending upon the quantity of water, the

' contact area, and the-agitation.

Instead of hydrating the oil by heating it in the presence of water, it may be hydrated by exposingit in shallow vessels, with broad surfaces, to the action of air, and ]ight;'or by suspending the oil, in a suitable vessel, over a body of water, with a covering arranged to retain a vaporous atmosphere in contact with the oil; or by placing the oil in a vessel having about two per cent. of water distributed on the bottom, and exposing this vessel to light and agitating the oil atintervals, until the water as been combined with the oil. These methods, however, will be found to be very slow and less satisfactory than the method first described, but I wish it to be understood that any suital ile method of hydration may be employed.

The tung 'oil, either before or after hydration, may be oxidized by any suitable method of oxidation, such as by heating it on oxidizers; or by submitting it with heat to the action of ure oxygen under pressure;

' or by passing t .irough it, with heat, thor- V any highly oxidized incorporating with it oughly dried air; or by ody with which it is I use gentle agitation from time to ganese resinate, elaidinized oil, and the like.

, Patented March 31, 19os.-

' miscible, such as boiled linseed oil, mani T he tung oil, having been hydrated, is

ready for use, and in this condition itwill be found to constitute an efficient drier for paints, either alone or mixed with other-oils. t may also be used,'either alone or mixed with other oils, as a medium for grinding pigments to paste form, or as a vehicle for, grinding igments to paint form. Instead of using 1316 hydrated tung oil alone for any of these urposes, I prefer to combine it with anot eroil, such as linseedoil. The oil with which the hydrated tung oil is so combined may, if desired, be either oxidized or hydrated by any of the methods above described; or it may be rancidified by exposure 7 to light and air as determined by the Kreis test for rancidity (Chmiker Zeitu-ng, 1899, .Vol. 23,

p. 802) :or it may be elaidiniz'ed-by being su jected to the action of anoxid of nitrogen; or it may be subjected totwo or all of these treatments; the result being the production of a uicker-drying compound of the waysabove described, it will be found to impart spreading power and drying char acteristics to all those pigments which ordinarily are deficient in bothspreading power and drying qualities when ground in the usual linseed oil vehicle, such as zinc oxid;

zinc sulfidflead carbonate; lead sulfate; I

lead sulfite; barium sulfate; barium carbonate; ,calcium carbonate; strontium sulfate; strontium carbonate; the new process wh1te leads of which Matheson lead is an example;

and the-various combinations of zinc and lead resulting from furnace sublimation and known commercially. as subhmed lead, oxynames;,and a paint-com ound produced by grinding one or more 0 these pigments in conjunction with my hydrated tung oil will befound to be equal in physical res ects and superior in chemical results to t e usual combinationof'Dutch white lead and linseed oil. I prefer to'use the hydrated tung oil as sulfate of lead, zinc lead, and other'trade 80 when combined with the hydrated tung oil. 1

When my hydrated tung oil is usedin any bulky pigment like 'oil should either be hydrated with a smaller percentage of Water or else a smaller per centage of the hydrated oil should be combined with the pigment/ My experiments Would seem to iDdlGittQthfi/O not more than five per cent. of water will he required in any case, and from one to. two per cent. will be ffound sufficientfor most pigments.

matter can be easily determined in practice by testing the oil with a particularpigment This to ascertain if the requisite spreading power and drying qualities are exhibited.

As a result of my method of hydration, the water is chemically combined with the oil, and does not exist as interstitial water, and it can not be eyaporated at ordinary temperatures.

I do,,not claim, in' this application, the,

ployed w eneyer combination of my hydretedtung oil with a;

pig1nent,the same being covered by the claims in my ending aplications No. 242,504, filed anuary 24m, 1905; No. 301,568, filed February 17th, 1906; No. 274,772, filed August 18th, 1905, and Nos. 321,631, 321,633, 321,635,-and 321,637 filed June 14th, 1906. An ,suitable commercial or other drier maye used in conjunction with the hydrated tung oil, if desired.

Heat, ressure, and a 'itation may be emdeeme advisable. Having thus fully described my invention,

1. Asa new composition of matter, tung oil having water chemically combined therewith.

2. A compoundor mixture of hydrated tung oil, and another oil..

3. A com ound or mixture of hydrated tungoil; an another oil, also hydrated;

, 4. A compound or mixture-0f hydrated tung oil; another-oil; and a drier. 1

5. A compound or mixture of hydrated tiung oil; another oil, also hydrated; and a men i v. WM. N.'BLAKEMA.N, JR; .Wi$nesses-: I FRANoIs P. REILLY,

MABEL O; FAHNESTOCK. 

